AP I5L X-42 to X-70 Pipe Overview
API 5L is a specification developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) for line pipe used in the oil and gas industry. It covers seamless and welded steel line pipe for transportation of oil, gas, and water in pipeline systems. Grades like X42 to X70 refer to minimum yield strength in ksi (thousands of psi).
Our Quality ProductsCarbon Steel Pipe
Mill Certifications accompany all graded material. We still carry structural grade, limited service and secondary for non critical structural applications where no mill certifications are required.
ASTM Grades:
API Grades:
API 5L Overview
Grade Comparison Table (X42 to X70)
| Grade | Min Yield Strength (psi) | Min Tensile Strength (psi) |
|---|---|---|
| X42 | 42,000 | 60,000 |
| X46 | 46,000 | 63,000 |
| X52 | 52,000 | 66,000 |
| X56 | 56,000 | 71,000 |
| X60 | 60,000 | 75,000 |
| X65 | 65,000 | 77,000 |
| X70 | 70,000 | 82,000 |
Chemical Composition (Typical Max %)
| Element | X42-X52 | X56-X70 |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.26 max | 0.22 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.30–1.40 | 1.40–1.65 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.030 max | 0.030 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.030 max | 0.030 max |
| Ni, Cr, Mo, Nb, V | Typically minimal | Added for strength & toughness |
Product Specification Levels:
- PSL1: (Product Specification Level 1): Standard quality
- PSL2: Tighter chemical/mechanical requirements, improved toughness, CVN testing, sour service resistance
Applications by Grade:
- X42–X52: Short to medium-length pipelines, moderate pressure, often in onshore environments
- X56–X65: Higher pressure systems, including longer pipelines and moderate sour service
- X70: High-pressure, long-distance transmission, especially in deepwater or arctic environments
Key Differences Across Grades:
| Property | X42-X52 | X56-X70 |
|---|---|---|
| Strength | Lower | Higher |
| Weldability | Excellent | Slightly reduced (due to higher alloying) |
| Cost | Lower | Higher |
| Ductility | Higher | Lower (but still within standards) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Similar, depends on coating or PSL2 option | Similar, depends on coating or PSL2 option |
| Application Range | Limited | Wide, including deep-sea and high-pressure |
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